Student-Authored Publications

Pardee RAND Graduate School students participate in many RAND research projects through their On-the-Job Training. These projects provide students with tremendous opportunities to publish their work in RAND reports and peer-reviewed journals. In fact, many of our students develop an impressive publications record during their tenure at Pardee RAND, which enables them to compete successfully for positions at universities and other research institutions.

Below is a list of publications that our students have recently authored or co-authored. The list provides an excellent illustration of the range of publications that our students have had a hand in developing.

2019

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  Next-Generation Wargaming for the U.S. Marine Corps: Recommended Courses of Action October 16, 2019

  Yuna Huh Wong, Sebastian Joon Bae, Elizabeth M. Bartels, Benjamin Michael Smith

  This report describes an evaluation of the utility of different wargaming tools as the U.S. Marine Corps invests in its wargaming capability and in building its next-generation wargaming concept. The authors have collected information on wargaming processes, facilities, and skill sets through research and interviews at various wargaming centers. They make recommendations for low-, medium-, and high-resourced courses of action.

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  RAND's Interdisciplinary Behavioral and Social Science Agent-Based Model of Income Tax Evasion: Technical Report September 19, 2019

  Raffaele Vardavas, Pavan Katkar, Andrew M. Parker, Gursel Rafig oglu Aliyev, Marlon Graf, Krishna B. Kumar

  Explores an agent-based computational simulation model of individual income tax evasion tools to understand how taxpayers change their compliance behavior and what government policies could help mitigate the problem of tax evasion.

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  Fighting Shadows in the Dark: Understanding and Countering Coercion in Cyberspace September 17, 2019

  Quentin E. Hodgson, Logan Ma, Krystyna Marcinek, Karen Schwindt

  The authors of this report examine cases from Russia, China, Iran, and North Korea to understand whether and how states use cyber operations to coerce other states or actors, and highlight the challenges of identifying cyber coercion. They also propose ways to develop a deeper understanding of cyber coercion and how to counter it.

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  Obesity Prevention Interventions and Implications for Energy Balance in the United States and Mexico: A Systematic Review of the Evidence and Meta-Analysis August 8, 2019

  Andrea Richardson, Christine Chen, Roland Sturm, Gulrez Shah Azhar, Jeremy N. V. Miles, Jody Larkin, Aneesa Motala, Susanne Hempel

  Obesity is preventable and yet continues to be a major risk factor for chronic disease. This review searched the vast literature on obesity prevention interventions to assess their effects on daily energy consumed and energy expended.

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  Profile of Institutional Review Board Characteristics Prior to the 2019 Implementation of the Revised Common Rule July 31, 2019

  Sandra H. Berry, Dmitry Khodyakov, David Grant, Alexandra Mendoza-Graf, Elizabeth Bromley, Gina Karimi, Barbara Levitan, Karin Liu, Sydne Newberry

  This report details the results of surveys of institutional research board (IRB) chairs, administrators, and members, as well as principal investigators, to obtain baseline information on their demographics and their attitudes about their IRB's efficacy and efficiency and the likely effects of proposed changes to the Revised Common Rule. Where possible, the authors also compare the survey results with the 1998 Bell Report.

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  Producing Joint Qualified Officers: FY 2008 to FY 2017 Trends July 30, 2019

  Paul W. Mayberry, William H. Waggy II, Anthony Lawrence

  Policies for educating and managing joint officers are periodically modified to reflect operational considerations and to provide enhancements and greater flexibilities. This report assesses the production of joint qualified officers by examining trends in achieving educational requirements and accomplishing joint assignments. The trends serve as a baseline allowing policymakers to evaluate impact of both current and future policy changes.

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  Attracting, Recruiting, and Retaining Successful Cyberspace Operations Officers: Cyber Workforce Interview Findings July 26, 2019

  Chaitra M. Hardison, Leslie Adrienne Payne, John A. Hamm, Angela Clague, Jacqueline Torres, David Schulker, John S. Crown

  Cyberspace capabilities are critical to national security. However, with a shortage of cyber personnel nationwide and high salaries commanded by some, the Air Force is concerned it may face recruiting and retention challenges within its cyberspace operations officer workforce. To understand potential drivers of attraction to and retention in the career field, researchers conducted interviews with the Air Force's cyberspace operations officer workforce. Recommendations are discussed.

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  Co-Design of Services for Health and Reentry (CO-SHARE): An Experience-Based Co-Design (EBCD) Pilot Study with Individuals Returning to Community from Jail and Service Providers in Los Angeles County July 24, 2019

  Peter Mendel, Lois M. Davis, Susan Turner, Gabriela Armenta, Cedric Farmer, Cheryl Branch, Glenn Robert

  Individuals returning to the community from jail often face difficulties accessing the varied health, social, and other services required to improve reentry and reduce recidivism. This report describes a pilot study, the Co-Design of Services for Health and Reentry (CO-SHARE), that engaged returning individuals and service providers who support reentry to collaborate on improving health and reentry services in Los Angeles County.

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  Assessing the Preparedness of the Canadian Health Care System Infrastructure for an Alzheimer's Treatment July 18, 2019

  Jodi L. Liu, Jakub P. Hlavka, Daniel T. Coulter, Sangita M. Baxi, Soeren Mattke, Courtney A. Gidengil

  Following the authors' earlier work in the United States and Europe, they use a simulation model that quantifies the capacity of the Canadian health care system to diagnose and treat people with early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) should a disease-modifying therapy become available. The report shows the impact of capacity constraints on the number of people progressing from mild cognitive impairment due to AD to Alzheimer's dementia.

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  Hacked Autonomous Vehicles: Who May Be Liable for Damages? An Initial Investigation into How Civil Liability Systems Can Prepare July 12, 2019

  Zev Winkelman, Maya Buenaventura, James M. Anderson, Nahom M. Beyene, Pavan Katkar, Gregory Cyril Baumann

  Existing civil liability law is flexible enough to address most hacked autonomous vehicle claims. Manufacturers and operators will need to stay abreast of attacks and take precautions to avoid similar attacks and reduce liability exposure.

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  When Autonomous Vehicles Are Hacked, Who Is Liable? July 12, 2019

  Zev Winkelman, Maya Buenaventura, James M. Anderson, Nahom M. Beyene, Pavan Katkar, Gregory Cyril Baumann

  Who might face civil liability if autonomous vehicles (AVs) are hacked to steal data or inflict mayhem, injuries, and damage? How will the civil justice and insurance systems adjust to handle such claims? RAND researchers addressed these questions to help those in the automotive, technology, legal, and insurance industries prepare for the shifting roles and responsibilities that the era of AVs may bring.

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  Algorithmic Equity: A Framework for Social Applications July 11, 2019

  Osonde A. Osoba, Benjamin Boudreaux, Jessica Saunders, J. Luke Irwin, Pam A. Mueller, Samantha Cherney

  The primary focus of this report is understanding how to evaluate the equitable use of algorithms across a range of specific applications. The report outlines concepts of equity from philosophical, legal, and technical standpoints to draw insights that apply across algorithmic decisionmaking contexts for several domains, including auto insurance, recruiting, and criminal justice.

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  Supporting Students with High-Incidence Disabilities in U.S. Schools: National Findings from the American Educator Panels June 27, 2019

  Laura Stelitano, Rachel Perera, William R. Johnston

  In this report, researchers explore the extent to which supports are available to both general and special educators who teach students with high-incidence disabilities. Research has established the importance of a supportive school culture, collaboration and planning time, resources and training, and data, but little is known about teachers' nationwide access to them and how school-level factors influence the prevalence of such supports.

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  Operationalizing Cyberspace as a Military Domain: Lessons for NATO June 20, 2019

  Lillian Ablon, Anika Binnendijk, Quentin E. Hodgson, Bilyana Lilly, Sasha Romanosky, David Senty, Julia A. Thompson

  The authors of this Perspective discuss current efforts by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) to integrate cyberspace as an operational domain. They examine one particular capability, indications and warning (I&W), that all states should develop to ensure an effective military presence within cyberspace. Cyber I&W is a relatively new capability; the authors explore existing scholarship and adapt a framework for the NATO context.

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  Review and Evaluation of the Substance Abuse, Mental Health, and Homelessness Grant Formulas June 19, 2019

  J. Scott Ashwood, Karen Chan Osilla, Maria DeYoreo, Joshua Breslau, Jeanne S. Ringel, Cheryl K. Montemayor, Nima Shahidinia, David M. Adamson, Margaret Chamberlin, M. Audrey Burnam

  The formulas for distributing funds to states under three block grants (the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant, the Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant, and the Projects for Assistance in Transition from Homelessness program) have not been updated since 1992. RAND researchers conducted this congressionally mandated study to determine whether the formulas should be modified.

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  Federal Block Grants to States for Mental Health, Substance Abuse, and Homelessness: Potential Improvements to Funding Formulas June 19, 2019

  J. Scott Ashwood, Karen Chan Osilla, Maria DeYoreo, Joshua Breslau, Jeanne S. Ringel, Cheryl K. Montemayor, Nima Shahidinia, David M. Adamson, Margaret Chamberlin, M. Audrey Burnam

  RAND researchers analyzed the formulas for distributing funds to states under three block grants for services related to mental health, substance abuse, and homelessness (unchanged since 1992) to determine whether they should be modified.

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  Evaluation of the Homeless Multidisciplinary Street Team for the City of Santa Monica June 5, 2019

  J. Scott Ashwood, Karishma Patel, David Kravitz, David M. Adamson, M. Audrey Burnam

  Homelessness is a chronic and persistent problem in Santa Monica, California. It burdens public service providers and imposes substantial costs on the city. As one approach to addressing the problem, the city implemented a program, "the Homeless Multidisciplinary Street Team," which aims to improve the health of the most-intensive service users among the homeless population, reduce the burden on public service providers, and reduce public costs.

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  Ethics in Scientific Research: An Examination of Ethical Principles and Emerging Topics June 5, 2019

  Cortney Weinbaum, Eric Landree, Marjory S. Blumenthal, Tepring Piquado, Carlos Ignacio Gutierrez Gaviria

  Scientific research ethics vary by discipline and by country, and this analysis sought to understand those variations. The authors reviewed literature and conducted interviews to provide researchers, government officials, and others who create, modify, and enforce ethics in scientific research around the world with an understanding of how ethics are created, monitored, and enforced across scientific disciplines and across international borders.

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  Facts Versus Opinions: How the Style and Language of News Presentation Is Changing in the Digital Age May 14, 2019

  Jennifer Kavanagh, William Marcellino, Jonathan S. Blake, Shawn Smith, Steven Davenport, Mahlet G. Tebeka

  This brief describes results of a study focused on changes in news presentation over time and across platforms, finding a general shift from objective event-based reporting to reporting that relies more heavily on argumentation and advocacy.

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  News in a Digital Age: Comparing the Presentation of News Information over Time and Across Media Platforms May 14, 2019

  Jennifer Kavanagh, William Marcellino, Jonathan S. Blake, Shawn Smith, Steven Davenport, Mahlet G. Tebeka

  This report presents a quantitative assessment of how the presentation of news has changed over the past 30 years and how it varies across platforms. Over time, and as society moved from "old" to "new" media, news content has generally shifted from more-objective event- and context-based reporting to reporting that is more subjective, relies more heavily on argumentation and advocacy, and includes more emotional appeals.

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